Introduction to Diagram for Parts of a Plant

Plant are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. They include trees, herbs, shurbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. Flowering plants have four major part types: .

·                     Stems and branches:Stems and branches hold up the leaves and space the leaves out. This helps the plant to get the light it needs.

·                     Roots:Roots help fix the plant to the soil or to other plants. Roots take in water and nutrients.

·                     Leaves:Leaves make all the food for the plant. They do this by changing light, water and gases into food. This process is called photosynthesis

·                     Flowers:Flowers contain the male and female parts of the plants. Successful pollination of the flower can result in the production of fruit and seeds.

Parts of a Plant Diagram

Parts of a Plant-roots Diagram

All roots are responsible for:

·                     Anchoring the plant to the ground

·                     Extracting water and minerals from the soil

In a typical root we can distinguish the following parts:
1. Primary root - the thickest . It grows downwards.
2. Secondary roots - arise from the primary root. They are not as thick as the primary one. They go sidewards.
3. Root cap - is a kind of protection the roots end with. It is designed to drill the soil and it is able to guide the root growth by perceiving gravity.
4. Root hairs - are minute filaments roots are covered with. They absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

Parts of a Plant-stem Diagram

Stems
All stems are responsible for:

·                     Supporting leaves and flowers physically

·                     Holding the leaves and flowers in the best position for food gathering and reproduction

·                     Using xylem and phloem to transport materials from areas of plenty to areas of need in various parts of the plant

·                     Storing nutrients for future use

Stem have following structures:

·                     Bud - an underdeveloped and unelongated stem composed of a short axis with compressed internodes, a meristematic apex, and primordial leaves and/or flowers. 

·                     Terminal bud - a bud at the tip of a stem responsible for terminal growth. 

·                     Axillary bud or lateral bud - buds along side the axis of a stem; they were produced by the terminal bud during growth; once they grow out and form a lateral stem they become terminal buds of the lateral branch.

·                     Flower bud - a bud containing a floral meristem which develops into flowers; usually larger than vegetative buds.

·                     Leaf scar - a scar marking the former point of attachment of a leaf or petiole to the stem.

·                     Internode - the part of the stem between nodes

·                     Node - part of stem marking the point of attachment of leaves, flowers, fruits, buds and other stems.

·                     Lenticel - rough areas on stems (and some fruits, ex. apple) composed of loosely packed cells extending from the cortex through the Ruptured epidermis; serve as "breathing pores" for gas exchange. Only occur on young stems.

Parts of a Plant-leaves Diagram

All leaves are responsible for:

·                     Absorbing the sun's rays for photosynthesis

·                     Taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen and water vapor (breathing)

·                     Removing waste products from the plant

·                     Using osmotic pressure to draw water up from the roots

Parts of a Plant-flower ,fruits and Seeds Diagram

The Flower:

The flower is the reproductive unit of some plants . Parts of the flower include petals, sepals, one or more carpels and stamens .Fruit

The fruit is that part of a plant which is in charge of protecting the seeds and guarantee their dispersal. It becomes as a result of the fertilization inside the carpel, which produce the ripening of the ovary walls that will create the fruit. Some fruits, however, have another origin, deriving from the flower receptacle or some other parts of the flower.
Seed

The seed is enclosed inside the endocarp.:
The radicle is the part of the embryo which emerges first. Once outside it develops into a main root, producing root hairs and secondary roots.

·                     The plumule is like a leaf in its early development.

·                     The hypocotyl is the space between the radicle and the plumule. It develops into a stem.

·                     The endosperm is the food supply contained in the seed. This is sometimes included in the cotyledons, which either achieve the function of primary leaves or food storage, even both of them in some cases.

·                     The seed coat or testa - is the outer layer of the seed.

·                     The micropyle is a litle pore on the seed coat , through which, apart from entering the sperm, the seed absorbs water to begin germination.